根瘤菌87-1-1诱导刺槐根表皮传递细胞特异性表达的cDNA文库构建及序列分析

探寻根瘤菌诱导刺槐后根表皮细胞分化成传递细胞的特异性表达基因及其分子机制.采用抑制差减杂交(suppression subtraction hybridization,SSH)技术构建刺槐根系被接种根瘤菌和未被接种根瘤菌二者间的正反两个c DNA文库.各挑选正反文库中500个克隆进行测序,在Blastn、Blastp、Swiss Prot、KEGG、COG、Interpro以及Gene ontology(GO)数据库中进行比对注释.结合生理过程对ESTs进行分析,共获得725条非冗余序列(uni EST),正反向文库分别为385条和340条,其中包括674个单一序列(singlets),51个拼接序列(contigs).在Nt库比对中有674条uni ESTs与已知基因匹配,占比93%;在Nr库比对中有648条序列有匹配蛋白,占比89%.有正向文库213个uni ESTs和反向文库156个uni ESTs能进行Geney ontology(GO)功能注释,在细胞组分被注释了270次,分子功能被注释了448次,生物过程被注释了484次.uni ESTs的功能分析显示,正向文库中多与细胞翻译后修饰、转录因子、细胞信号通路、细胞壁/细胞膜/内膜系统以及细胞骨架相关蛋白有关,部分是结瘤相关基因.而反向文库中与细胞生长、代谢物形成的基因相关较多,这与根瘤菌处理刺槐后的生理过程一致.在根瘤菌诱导的刺槐根组织文库中发现特异性基因如MYB类转录因子、囊泡相关膜蛋白等与传递细胞相关的基因,结果有助于进一步研究此类传递细胞的形成分化机制.     

基于气泡的缸盖水腔沸腾传热仿真研究

从气泡核化条件及沸腾起始点要求出发,提出相变判定条件,从而准确界定沸腾区域. 基于沸腾均相流计算模型框架,建立了沸腾传热数值计算模型,并利用Robinson实验数据对该计算模型的准确性进行了校核. 利用该数值模型对缸盖温度场进行了预测,与实机测温结果进行实验比对,证明新沸腾数值模型计算结果更接近实机测试温度,火力面测点最大误差不超过7%.      

拉曼雷达测量大气二氧化碳浓度回波信号误差分析

拉曼雷达探测二氧化碳的后向散射回波信号十分微弱,有效分析信号的误差非常重要. 从理论上分析了拉曼激光雷达探测二氧化碳气体的回波信号误差的计算方法,推导计算了二氧化碳浓度信号的混合比,得到了影响信号误差的3种因素,并对各因素进行了理论计算,从实验上对信号误差进行了数据验证. 将理论值与实验数据进行对比,确定信号采集过程中造成的数据误差小于10%,并随距离的增加而增加;大气透过率相对函数的误差约为2%;标定常数的误差小于5%.      

不同炭黑填充的三元乙丙橡胶／丙烯酸橡胶共混胶的性能

制备了不同粒径及结构度的炭黑填充的EPDM／ACM（三元乙丙橡胶／丙烯酸橡胶）共混胶,研究了不同牌号炭黑在共混胶中的分散性及其对共混胶硫化特性、物理机械性能和动态力学性能的影响。结果表明,随炭黑粒径增大,EPDM／ACM共混胶门尼黏度减小,焦烧时间和正硫化时间延长;粒径太大或太小均不利于炭黑在共混胶中的分散,炭黑N330、N550和N660分散性较好;炭黑粒径越小,结构度越高,Payne效应越明显,Pay-ne效应强度依次为CD2109〉N220〉N330,N550,N660〉N774;炭黑CD2109填充的混炼胶储能模量、损耗模量和损耗因子均最大,混炼生热大。     

Constructal entransy optimizations for insulation layer of steel rolling reheating furnace wall with convective and radiative boundary conditions

Based on the entransy dissipation extremum principle for thermal insulation process, the constructal optimizations for a plane insulation layer of the steel rolling reheating furnace wall with convective and radiative boundary conditions are carried out by taking the minimization of entransy dissipation rate as optimization objective. The optimal construct of the plane insulation layer is obtained. The results show that for the convective heat transfer boundary condition, the optimal constructs of the insulation layer obtained based on the minimizations of the entransy dissipation rate and heat loss rate are obvi- ously different. Comparing the optimal construct obtained based on the minimization of the entransy dissipation rate with that based on the minimization of the heat loss rate, the entransy dissipation rate is reduced by 5.98 %, which makes the global thermal insulation performance of the insulation layer improve. For the combined convective and radiative heat transfer boundary condition, compared the insulation layer having an increasing thickness with that having constant thickness and a decreasing thickness, the entransy dissipation rates are reduced by 16.59 % and 39.72 %, respectively, and the global thermal insulation performance of the insulation layer is greatly improved.There exits an optimal constant coefficient α2,opt which leads to the minimum dimensionless entransy dissipation rate of the insulation layer. The difference between the optimal constant coefficients α2,opt obtained based on the minimizations of the entransy dissipation rate and the maximum temperature gradient of the insulation layer is small. This makes the corresponding thermal stress obtained based on the minimum dimensionless entransy dissipation rate also be small, and the global thermal insulation performance and thermal safety of the insulation layer are improved simultaneously. The results obtained can provide some guidelines for the optimal designs of the insulation layers.     

Detecting the micro-defects in the GaAs materials by time resolved emissions

The GaAs material is a major semiconductor material, and it has high electron transfer rate and direct transition energy band structure. The devices and inte-grated circuits fabricated on the GaAs substrates have a lot of advantages such as high speed information processing. Small perturbations in the manufacturing of GaAs materi-als can lead to defects. The defects in the GaAs materials can degrade the performance of materials. A new method is presented in this paper for detecting the micro-defects in GaAs materials by using time resolved emissions. In this method, the micro-defects in GaAs materials are detected by making use of the photon emission features of micro- defects. The strength of the emitted photons from the micro-defects is increased by applying the electric current or the periodic pulse signals to GaAs materials. The single-photon detector is used to detect the photon emissions of the micro-defects. The time resolved photon emissions and single-photon detection are used to record and compare the amounts of the emitted photons that come from the given regions of the normal GaAs materials and the defective GaAs materials. A lot of experimental results show that the micro-defects in the GaAs materials can be detected by using the method proposed in this paper.     

Retrieval of column-averaged volume mixing ratio of CO2 with ground-based high spectral resolution solar absorption

The total column-averaged volume mixing ratio of atmospheric carbon dioxide （Xco2） has been retrieved with high spectral resolution solar absorption data obtained from ground-based Fourier transform spectrometer （FTS） measurements at Xichong, a coastal site in the district of Shenzhen in southern China. Based on differential optical absorption spectroscopy （DOAS） theory, the Xco2 was retrieved by finding the best match of observed high spectral resolution solar absorption data and monochromatic radia- tion transfer model calculations. The averaged Xco2 in the whole observation period was about 394.9 ppm. The uncertainty of the retrieval was estimated to be 2.0 ppm （0.51%） by comparing retrievals at two bands. The preliminary results show that Xc% retrieved by this method can be used to validate satellite remote sensing of Xco2.     

Acid condensation and heat transfer characteristics on H-type fin surface with bleeding dimples and longitudinal vortex generators

Acid condensation rate is an important factor denoting the acid corrosion, and the reduction of the acid condensation can significantly relieve the acid corrosive effect on the wall surface and improve the security of the equipments. In this study, the characteristics of both heat transfer and acid condensation of the finned tube in heat exchanger were numerically studied. In the numerical model, we simulated the acid condensation by considering the vapor-liquid equilibrium effect and multi-component diffusion effect. Based on the H-type finned oval tube, we proposed three novel types of fins to both enhance the heat transfer and reduce the acid condensation. The parametric effects of gas temperature, acid vapor concentration, water vapor concentration, and Reynolds number were investi- gated on different fin structures. The results show that the tube bank with the new structured fins can improve the performance on both heat transfer and acid anticondensation.     

巨尾桉与几种阔叶树和针叶树碳储量的比较研究

【目的】研究广西北海市巨尾桉（Eucalyptus grandis×E．urophylla）、红锥（Castanopsis hystrix）、海南蒲桃（Szygium cumini）、香梓楠（Michelia hedyosperma）、闽楠（Michelia macclurei）、杉木（Cunninghamia lanceolata）、马尾松（Pinus massoniana）的冠幅、生物量和碳储量情况,为该地区建立人工林优势树种选择提供科学依据。【方法】对两年生的巨尾桉、红锥、海南蒲桃、香梓楠、闽楠、杉木、马尾松进行常规的群落调查,采用收获法收集各树种的根、茎、叶、枝,通过实验手段测定其生物量、含碳率、碳储量。【结果】巨尾桉冠幅为其他树种的1．7～8．6倍,高度为3．1～6倍,基径为1．6～3．6倍;巨尾桉生物量高达17．2t·hm^2,其次海南蒲桃为3．6t·hm^2,其余树种生物量较低;巨尾桉含碳率在所有树种中居于中间水平,碳储量为其他树种的6～30倍。【结论】在同龄树种中,巨尾桉的固碳能力较强,可作为人工林生态固碳的优选树种。     

广西森林碳储量估测信息系统研制

基于Visual FoxPro开发的广西森林碳储量估测信息系统,阐述了面向对象开发技术与系统开发平台、系统总体设计、主要功能与特点,开发的系统可快速、高效地实现数据提取、加工、信息查询及森林碳储量估算。